Fig. 1
From: Copper-free click chemistry for attachment of biomolecules in magnetic tweezers
Common DNA tethering techniques. a Binding of a digoxygenin-functionalized DNA-protein complex to an anti-digoxygenin-coated surface. This reaction is specific, but unstable when high forces are applied. b Binding of an amine-functionalized DNA-protein complex to a carboxyl-coated surface. Both the functionalized DNA (black arrow) and native lysine groups in the protein (blue arrow) bind the surface. c. Binding of a thiol-functionalized DNA-protein complex to a maleimide-coated surface. Both the functionalized DNA (black arrow) and native cysteine groups in the protein (blue arrow) bind the surface